Advancing Green Distribution Practices on Performance of Manufacturing Firms in Kenya

Abstract

Purpose: This study examines the adoption of green distribution practices in Kenya’s manufacturing sector, focusing on transportation efficiency, warehousing sustainability, packaging practices, information technology integration, supplier collaboration, and regulatory compliance. Methodology: A mixed-method approach was employed, combining stratified sampling, regression diagnostics, chi-square tests, and qualitative content analysis. Findings: Results reveal persistent inefficiencies in transportation, limited renewable energy adoption in warehousing, inconsistent packaging practices, weak supplier collaboration, and partial compliance with regulatory frameworks. Statistically significant relationships were observed between transportation efficiency, warehousing sustainability, IT integration, regulatory compliance, and firm performance. Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: Managerial implications highlight the need for embedding sustainability clauses in procurement contracts, integrating green KPIs into dashboards, and investing in renewable logistics. Policy recommendations include targeted incentives, industry-wide packaging standards, and stronger enforcement mechanisms. The study contributes to procurement and supply chain scholarship by contextualizing green distribution within emerging economies and offering actionable insights for sustainable procurement.