In this article, household data collection procedures for socio-economic research in agriculture under conditions prevalent in developing countries are described. Using relevant examples for Kenya, the sources and types of data, the procedures adopted in surveys and other forms of data collection, including focus group discussions and questionnaire use, are discussed. Also elaborated are the processes of choosing and training enumerators, pilot survey procedures, and field interviews. The challenges faced by researchers in data collection for agriculture-related studies in a developing country context are pointed out.