School of Pure, Applied and Health Sciences (JA)http://repository.mut.ac.ke:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/452024-03-29T07:00:11Z2024-03-29T07:00:11ZWarburgia Ugandensis: A Review of Compounds and BioactivityOpiyo, Sylvia A.http://repository.mut.ac.ke:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/63892024-02-17T11:25:06Z2023-07-01T00:00:00ZWarburgia Ugandensis: A Review of Compounds and Bioactivity
Opiyo, Sylvia A.
Warburgia species (Canellaceae) are traditionally used to treat a wide range of illnesses including stomach ache, diarrhea, abdominal pains, toothache, oral thrush, venereal diseases, cold and cough, fever, muscle pains, weak joints, skin diseases, malaria, parasitic infections and snake bite. Therapeutic properties of medicinal plants have been linked to the secondary metabolites which are biosynthesized by the plants. The aim of this study was to review the bioactivities and chemical composition of Warburgia ugandensis. The findings from this study show that extracts from the plant have antifungal, antibacterial, antiulcer, insect antifeedant, molluscicidal, antimycobacterial, antileishmanial and anti-plasmoidal effects. The most investigated part of W. ugandensis is the stem bark (22 articles) followed by leaves (15), root bark (6), seeds (2) and fruits (2). All parts the plant have important bioactivities. Sixty nine compounds have been reported from the plant including sesquiterpenes (43), flavonoids (15), lignanamides, and macrocyclic glycosides (10) and fatty acid (1) some of which have demonstrated different bioactivities. The drimane sesquiterpenes are the main class of sesquiterpenes in the plant. The Further investigation of the not well studied parts of the plant such as the flowers and fruits is recommended to determine their chemical composition and efficacy in disease management.
2023-07-01T00:00:00ZA Review of Chemical Compounds and Bioactivity of Conyza SpeciesOpiyo, Sylvia A.http://repository.mut.ac.ke:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/63722024-02-17T11:24:50Z2023-06-01T00:00:00ZA Review of Chemical Compounds and Bioactivity of Conyza Species
Opiyo, Sylvia A.
A large proportion of the African population's primary healthcare requirements are still mostly met by traditional medicine. Previous studies have demonstrated the potential of plant extracts disease management. Conyza species are traditionally used for a variety of pharmacological applications including treatment of malaria, smallpox, chickenpox, sore throat, ringworm and other skin related infections, toothache and wounds. The aim of this study was to provide a review of the chemical compounds from Conyza species and their bioactivities. Extracts from Conyza species have a wide range of bioactivities including antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, antitumor, analgesic, antiplasmodial, wound healing, insecticidal, allopathic, antidiabetic, antiviral, anticonvulsant and anti-amnesic effects. These bioactivities are attributed to the bioactive secondary metabolite including terpenoids, phenolic acids, flavonoids and tannins, saponins and steroids which are biosynthesized by the plants. Previous phytochemical test have shown that Conyza species are rich in alkaloids. However, the information about the alkaloids previously isolated from Conyza species is scanty in literature. Further studies should be done isolate and characterize the alkaloids from the plants.
2023-06-01T00:00:00ZChemical Composition And Biological Activity Of Extracts From Conyza SpeciesOpiyo, Sylvia A.Njoroge, Peter W.Kuria, Kennedy M.http://repository.mut.ac.ke:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/63672024-02-17T11:24:37Z2023-04-01T00:00:00ZChemical Composition And Biological Activity Of Extracts From Conyza Species
Opiyo, Sylvia A.; Njoroge, Peter W.; Kuria, Kennedy M.
The genus Conyza (Asteraceae) comprises about 50 species and found in the tropical and warm regions. Extracts from Conyza species have numerous pharmacological applications. The aim of this study was review the chemical composition and biological activity of Conyza species. Extracts from the plants have antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antiplasmodial, analgesic, antiviral, allelopathic and insecticidal activities. The constituents of essential oils from Conyza species include limonene and β-farnesene, were caryophyllene, spathulenol, β-ocimene, lachnophyllum ester, matricaria ester, germacrene D, α-bergamotene, caryophyllene oxide, pinene, bicyclogermacrene, curcumene, cadinene , sesquiphellandrene, camphene, 2,6,7,7a-tetrahydro-1,5-dimethyl-1H-indene-3-carboxaldehyde, 2-heptylacetate, allo-aromadendrene, bisabolene oxide, carvacrol, cis-sabinol, epi-bicyclosesquiphellandrene, humulene, isoeugenol, isospathulenol, mentha-1,3,8-triene, myrcene, neophytadiene, perillaldehyde, phytol, pinocarveol, pulegone, Sabinene, terpinolene, zingiberene and β-copaen-4-α-ol. The findings indicate that only a few species have been studied including C. bonariencis, C. canadensis, C. sumatrensis and C. floribunda. Further investigations especially on the neglected species is necessary
2023-04-01T00:00:00ZDietary practices, habits and physical activity levels of the Swahili community, Kenya in relation to obesity and chronic diseases of lifestyleNdungi, F. N.Tuitoek, Prisca J.Aboud, A.http://repository.mut.ac.ke:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/63652024-02-17T11:23:04Z2018-11-01T00:00:00ZDietary practices, habits and physical activity levels of the Swahili community, Kenya in relation to obesity and chronic diseases of lifestyle
Ndungi, F. N.; Tuitoek, Prisca J.; Aboud, A.
Chronic diseases of lifestyle like diabetes mellitus and hypertension appear at greater rates in populations which consumed high fat, high calorie diets and engaged in low or no physical activity. Physical inactivity and unhealthy diets are major contributors of overweight and obesity which are risk factors for lifestyle diseases. This study aimed at determining the relationship between dietary practices, habits, physical activity and the prevalence of obesity, diagnosed diabetes and hypertension in the Swahili community of Old Town and Kisauni districts in Mombasa County, Kenya. A cross-sectional study design was used. Cluster random sampling was done to pick 207 households. Data was collected on food consumption, dietary habits and physical activity. Focus Group Discussions and Key Informants Interviews were used to collect qualitative data. Results indicate that dietary habits of the Swahili community involved preparation and consumption of high fat, sugar and coconut milk-based foods. Most (75.8%) of the interviewed members of this community had low physical activity. Their dietary habits and low physical activity levels were associated with obesity, diabetes and hypertension (p<0.05, 95% CI). Physical inactivity levels were associated with obesity [Odds Ratio, 0.49; 95% Confidence Interval, 0.27 - 0.88]. There is need to acquire sustainability of consumption of healthy diets and physical activity through education and provision of physical activity facilities to prevent obesity, a major risk factor for diabetes and hypertension.
2018-11-01T00:00:00Z